Interaction of load and residual stresses in sintered 1.3344 high speed steel

Compressive residual stresses enhance lifetime of cold forging tools. These stresses ca be induced during the grinding process of tool manufacturing. To use residual stresses induced by grinding it must be understood how load and residual stresses interact in ground and unground subsurface zones. This has been studied with specimen from powder metallurgically produced 1.3344 high-speed steel. Residual stresses in the specimen were measured through x-ray diffraction in ground and unground conditions and under various applied mechanical loads. Residual stresses and load stresses sum up directly proportional at lower stresses, while at higher stresses a saturated stress state is achieved and the whole material deforms plastically.